News Release
March 22, 2002
Tiny Hole in Steel Pipe Led to 2001 Incident
Santa Fe: The combination of corrosion and increased
pressure caused a tiny hole smaller than a grain of
rice in a natural gas line and led to an explosion
that leveled a building in Santa Fe last year, PNM officials
said today.
According to an internal PNM investigation,
PNM personnel failed to adequately assess the condition of
the eight-inch, carbon-steel pipe where the gas leak occurred
before increasing gas pressure during a standard process known
as "uprating." The internal investigation also concluded
the uprating process was flawed and should have been discontinued
because numerous leaks were discovered.
PNMs conclusions are consistent with the findings of
a report issued today by the state Pipeline Safety Bureau,
a division of the Public Regulation Commission. The bureau
combed through years of pipe inspection and maintenance records
and conducted extensive interviews with PNM employees during
its investigation.
"In this particular instance, our personnel did not
do the job we expect," said Melvin Christopher, PNM vice
president of operations and engineering. "Decisions made
in this instance were inconsistent with PNM policies and our
commitment to safety. We have made important changes to address
the problems that resulted in the explosion."
The explosion occurred April 25, 2001, after natural gas
seeped from a hole measuring one millimeter by 1.8 millimeters
or less than one-sixteenth of an inch and migrated
into the walls of an office building at 851 Cerrillos Road.
About 2:30 p.m., an office employee stepping outside to smoke
a cigarette inadvertently ignited the gas. The explosion leveled
the building and trapped another employee in the rubble. The
two office workers are recovering from their injuries.
PNM did not receive any calls reporting the smell of natural
gas in the area before the explosion. PNMs most recent
search for leaks in the area occurred just 10 days before
the explosion as part of its uprating procedure, and no leak
was detected.
Since the incident, PNM has taken numerous steps to avoid
a similar accident and improve its system to ensure safe operation,
Christopher said. For example, immediately following the explosion,
the company replaced more than 8,100 feet of pipe in that
area including the section where the hole was found
with polyethylene pipe that cannot corrode. The company
also spent more than $4.7 million in 2001 to replace natural
gas lines throughout New Mexico, he said.
"Our extensive investigation leads us to conclude that
this was an isolated incident," Christopher said.
A firm that examined the pipe where the hole was found showed
corrosion affecting the 70-year-old, uncoated pipe beneath
Cerrillos Road was isolated to a small area and occurred under
unique circumstances. CC Technologies, an international research
and testing firm specializing in corrosion and corrosion control,
evaluated a 12-foot section of the pipe and presented its
findings to PNM and state officials earlier this month.
"The hole was caused by a combination of corrosion and
increased pressure. Both factors were dependent on each other,"
said Kevin Garrity of CC Technologies.
The steel pipe, which had no internal corrosion, was buried
about 43 inches below the Cerrillos Road pavement and about
14 inches from an underground water pipe. The hole faced the
water pipe and scaling on the gas line suggested the water
pipe might have had an intermittent leak, increasing the chances
for corrosion, Garrity said.
PNMs Findings
Among the findings of PNMs internal investigation
are:
- Records for the pipe showed evidence of past leaks and
corrosion in the immediate area.
- The decision to uprate should have been reconsidered in
light of the number of leaks identified and repaired during
the uprating. Additionally, concerns expressed by a PNM
construction employee about possible leaks resulting from
increased pressure were not considered during the uprate.
Records showed there was a leak clamp on the pipe that was
being uprated. PNMs uprating policy prohibits increasing
pressure on a pipe that has been repaired with a leak clamp.
- The uprating took too long. Sixteen months passed from
the time the uprating was started until the time of the
last pressure increase. Generally, an uprating process should
take a few months.
- Once the uprating plan was submitted to PNMs Gas
Engineering Department, it was not adequately reviewed or
monitored.
PNM Actions
The actions PNM has taken or will take in response to its
internal findings, include:
- Inspection and assessment of bare pipe throughout New
Mexico and the acceleration of replacement projects where
needed.
- Retraining for appropriate PNM personnel throughout the
company.
- Revision of uprating policies and enhancement of quality
assurance audits.
- Expansion of pipeline integrity efforts, including use
of "smart pigs" on appropriate transmission pipelines.
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